Croos-Over Cables

If we want to connect two computers together with a straight-through cable, we can see that, the transmit pins will be connected to transmit pins and receive pins will be connected to receive pins. We will not be able to directly connect two computers or two switches together using straight through cables.
To connect two computers together without using a switch (or two switches directly), we need a crossover cable by switching wires 1 and 2 with wires 3 and 6 at one end of the cable. If we shift the pins, we can make sure that the transmit pins on Computer A will match with the receive pins on Computer B and the transmit pins on Computer B will match with the receive pins on Computer A.
Following image shows the wire/pin positions Cross-over Unshielded Twisted Pair cable, using TIA/EIA 568A/568B standards.
Note that the white striped wires are used to connect positive pins and solid color wires are used to connect negetive pins.

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The following table illustrates the different types of twisted pair cable which must be used to connect different network infrastructuredevices.
HubSwitchRouterWorkstation
HubCross-overCross-overStraightStraight
SwitchCross-overCross-overStraightStraight
RouterStraightStraightCross-overCross-over
WorkstationStraightStraightCross-overCross-over
Straight-through and Crossover terms are not much relevant for new Switch models. New Cisco Switches are packed with a feature known as Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface crossover (Auto-MDIX).  Auto-MDIX watches for a wrong cable connection and automatically changes the pins to make the link work.   Meaning that, you can use either Straight-through or Crossover to connect any type of device for Auto-MDIX enabled new switch models.

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